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Survival patterns of childhood neuroblastoma: an analysis of clinical data from Southern-Eastern European countries.

TitleSurvival patterns of childhood neuroblastoma: an analysis of clinical data from Southern-Eastern European countries.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2020
AuthorsKaralexi, M. A., Servitzoglou M., Papadakis V., Kachanov D., Mazič M. Česen, Baka M., Moschovi M., Kourti M., Polychronopoulou S., Stiakaki E., Hatzipantelis E., Dana H., Stefanaki K., Malama A., Themistocleous M. S., Strantzia K., Shamanskaya T., Bouka P., Panagopoulou P., Kantzanou M., Ntzani E., Dessypris N., & Petridou E. Th
JournalEur J Cancer Prev
Date Published2020 Sep 10
ISSN1473-5709
Abstract

The prognosis of children with neuroblastoma (NBL) can be dismal with significant variations depending on the stage and biology of the tumor. We assessed the event-free (EFS) and overall (OS) survival using harmonized data from three Southern-Eastern European (SEE) countries. Data for 520 incident NBL cases (2009-2018) were collected from Greece, Slovenia and Russia. Kaplan-Meier curves were fitted, and EFS/OS were derived from Cox proportional models by study variables including the protocol-based risk-group (low/observation, intermediate, high). Over one-third of cases were coded in the high-risk group, of which 23 children (4.4%) received treatment with anti-ganglioside 2 (GD2) mAb. Survival rates were inferior in older (OS 5-year; 1.5-4.9 years: 61%; EFS 5-year; 1.5-4.9 years: 48%) compared to children younger than 1.5 years (OS 5-year; <1.5 years: 91%; EFS 5-year; <1.5 years: 78%). Predictors of poor OS included stage 4 (hazard ratio, HROS: 18.12, 95% confidence intervals, CI: 3.47-94.54), N-myc amplification (HROS: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.40-3.34), no surgical excision (HROS: 3.27, 95% CI: 1.91-5.61) and relapse/progression (HROS: 5.46, 95% CI: 3.23-9.24). Similar unfavorable EFS was found for the same subsets of patients. By contrast, treatment with anti-GD2 antibody in high-risk patients was associated with decreased risk of death or unfavorable events (HROS: 0.11, 95% CI: 0.02-0.79; HREFS: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.07-0.52). Our results confirm the outstanding prognosis of the early NBL stages, especially in children <1.5 years, and the improved outcomes of the anti-GD2 treatment in high-risk patients. Ongoing high-quality clinical cancer registration is needed to ensure comparability of survival across Europe and refine our understanding of the NBL biology.

DOI10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000614
Alternate JournalEur J Cancer Prev
PubMed ID32925511

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